HEMA Õigusbüroo

Branches of law

Law of obligations is a branch of civil law that governs obligations. Obligation is a legal relationship, which gives rise to an obligation of a person to perform or omit a certain act for the benefit of another person and the right of an obligor to require an obligee to perform an obligation.
We assist our clients in drawing up contracts, in negotiations related to contracts, and we analyse contracts. We also represent clients in matters arising from contractual and non-contractual relationships and obligations, compensation for damages and unjustified enrichment.
Labour lawis a branch of law that determines the rights and obligations of employees and employers in employment relationships. The most important legislation of labour law include the Employment Contracts Act, Working and Rest Time Act and the Occupational Health and Safety Act that govern the relationship between the employer and the employee.
We advise clients in drawing up and analysing employment contracts, drawing up job descriptions and other internal documents. We represent clients at a labour dispute committee and in court.
Commercial lawis a branch of law that governs matters concerning companies, including the establishment and management of companies, organisation of meetings, sale of shares of a private limited company, mergers and divisions, operations related to the commercial register.
In the field of commercial law, our services include:
  • Establishment, merger, division, reorganisation and liquidation of companies
  • Consultations concerning the transfer and acquisition of companies
  • Resolving matters concerning the management of a company
  • Preparation and conducting of general meetings
  • Disputes between shareholders
  • Increase and decrease of share capital
  • Operations related to the commercial register
Property law is a branch of law that governs legal relationships concerning property. Real rights include ownership and limited real rights: servitudes, real encumbrances, right of superficies, right of pre-emption, and right of security.
In property law, we provide legal assistance in matters of ownership related to immovable property and movables, clarification of relationships between co-owners, matters associated with mortgage and right of pre-emption.
Family law governs relationships arising from marriage and filiation as well as guardianship and care.
In family law, we advise clients in matters associated with entering into and terminating the contract of marriage and matters associated with the possession, use and division of joint property of spouses. We also consult clients in ascertaining filiation and establishing custody and in matters associated with alimony and right of access.
Going from the broader definition to a narrower one, tax law in Estonia is part of public law, administrative law and financial law and consists of the general part and special part, which deals with the taxation of various operations.
We provide our clients with comprehensive legal assistance in matters of tax law. We analyse tax risks and represent clients in tax proceedings and in contesting tax decisions.
In enforcement proceedings, the bailiff ascertains the assets of the debtor and commences with activities, to the extent permitted by law, that are the most effective in persuading the debtor to perform their obligations to the creditor. If the debtor fails to voluntarily perform their obligations, the bailiff has the right to seize the invoices and sell the assets at an auction.
Within the framework of enforcement procedure law, we consult clients in matters of proceedings, assist in the initiation of the proceedings, represent them at the proceedings and, if necessary, contest the actions of the bailiff.
Upon settlement of disputes , we advise and represent our clients both in court as well as extrajudicially.
We represent clients in civil and administrative court procedures and in extrajudicial negotiations. We help draw up judicial documents, actions, petitions. We represent clients at an arbitral tribunal, lease committee and labour dispute committee.
Negotiations are an intention of two or more parties to reach an agreement, so both parties have to be prepared to give something up.
For this, we offer pre-negotiation analysis, negotiation planning, and representation of the client in negotiations.